UVAGUT - 09.07.2023

Duration: 1h 2m 39s

NITV: Nunatinni (At Our Place). Local news and culture from Igloolik.

ᓇᑲᑎᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᒐᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᑕᒫᙵᑦ ᓄᓇᑦᑎᓐᓂ − ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑲᐅᑎᒋᓪᓗᑎ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᐅᔪᑦ, ᓴᓇᕈᓘᔭᕐᓂᖅ, ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᑦ, ᑕᐃᔅᓱᒪᓂᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ, ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᕆᔭᕐᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᖃᕐᓂᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖁᕕᐊᓲᑎᖃᕐᓃᑦ ᑲᑎᖅᓱᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᒃᑯᓴᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᐳᑦ ᖃᐅᑕᒫᖅ ᐃᒡᓗᓕᖕᒥᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᖓᑦ 1997−ᒥᑦ 2005−ᒧᑦ.

Segment 1- Nunavut Series 'Unaaq' "Nunavut our Land"

Segment 2- Caribou skins

Duration: 46m 55s

Lucy Tulugarjuk interviews musician Joshua Haulli LIVE on December 3rd, 2020.

Duration: 9m 39s

 Northern Haze's second set of songs at a Celebration of Music for the live broadcast of Silakut Live From the Floe Edge. LIVE on August 15, 2019.

Duration: 58m 15s

Duration: 59s

Duration: 59m 19s

Filmmaker Contact:

Host: Carol Kunuk

Camera: Aaron Kunuk

Producer's Name: NITV

Country: Canada

Duration: 31m 15s

The Okatsiak Family performs LIVE May 5th, 2021 on the Tunnganarniq Show.

Duration: 27m 42s

Nuatie Sylvia Aggark sits down with Monica Pingushat to discuss and show off her Wall Hangings LIVE March 24th, 2021.

Duration: 59s

Duration: 1h 2m 39s

NITV: Nunatinni (At Our Place). Local news and culture from Igloolik.

ᓇᑲᑎᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᒐᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᑕᒫᙵᑦ ᓄᓇᑦᑎᓐᓂ − ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑲᐅᑎᒋᓪᓗᑎ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᐅᔪᑦ, ᓴᓇᕈᓘᔭᕐᓂᖅ, ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᑦ, ᑕᐃᔅᓱᒪᓂᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ, ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᕆᔭᕐᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᖃᕐᓂᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖁᕕᐊᓲᑎᖃᕐᓃᑦ ᑲᑎᖅᓱᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᒃᑯᓴᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᐳᑦ ᖃᐅᑕᒫᖅ ᐃᒡᓗᓕᖕᒥᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᖓᑦ 1997−ᒥᑦ 2005−ᒧᑦ.

Segment 1- Nunavut Series 'Unaaq' "Nunavut our Land"

Segment 2- Caribou skins

Duration: 22m 20s

 Rita Claire teaches how to count to five by counting items in the tent. Beatrice Deer visits the qarmmaq to sing the juggling song, and we read the book Out on the Ice and count fish.
-----
ᐃᑦᑐᐊᖕᒐ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᓈᓴᐃᓗᓂ ᐱᖁᑎᓂᑦ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓄᑦ ᑎᑭᓪᓗᒍ ᑐᐱᕐᒥ. ᕖᐊᑐᕆᔅ ᑎᐅ ᐳᓛᕆᐊᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᕐᒪᕐᒧ ᐃᒡᓗᑭᓵᕆᐊᖅᑐᕐᓗᓂ ᐃᖖᒋᕐᓗᓂᓗ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᑕ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᕐᒥᒃ ᓯᑯᒥ ᓈᓴᐃᓗᑕᓗ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂᑦ.

Duration: 5m 30s

For thousands of years they guided us through this world, teaching us invaluable lessons about life and death. They strengthened our resolve and reinforced our connection to this land, to each other, and to the animals we share it with. They enriched our souls, empowered our imaginations, and defined who we are as a people. These are the stories of our elders.

Duration: 22m 23s

Iglaq is a language based children’s program that aims to use art, animation and live action video to teach Inuvialuit language and culture.

Duration: 5m 29s

For thousands of years they guided us through this world, teaching us invaluable lessons about life and death. They strengthened our resolve and reinforced our connection to this land, to each other, and to the animals we share it with. They enriched our souls, empowered our imaginations, and defined who we are as a people. These are the stories of our elders.

Duration: 59s

Duration: 1m 37s

Duration: 22m 20s

 Rita Claire is invited to a friend’s birthday party, but her friend has an unusual request. Celina Kalluk plays the mouth harp, and we read the book Leah’s Mustache Party.
-----
ᐃᑦᑐᐊᖕᒐ ᖃᐃᖁᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐱᖃᑎᐊᓗᖕᒐᓄᑦ ᓇᓪᓕᐅᓐᓂᖅᓯᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐱᖃᑎᖕᒐ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᖕᒋᑦᑐᒥ ᐱᖁᔨᕗᖅ. ᓯᓖᓇ ᑲᓪᓗᒃ ᓱᐴᒐᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᑕ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᕐᒥᒃ ᓕᐊ ᖁᕕᐊᓲᑎᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᒥᖕᓂᒃ.

Duration: 5m 30s

For thousands of years they guided us through this world, teaching us invaluable lessons about life and death. They strengthened our resolve and reinforced our connection to this land, to each other, and to the animals we share it with. They enriched our souls, empowered our imaginations, and defined who we are as a people. These are the stories of our elders.

Duration: 1m 7s

Duration: 59s

Duration: 22m 29s

Iglaq is a language based children’s program that aims to use art, animation and live action video to teach Inuvialuit language and culture.

Duration: 5m 31s

For thousands of years they guided us through this world, teaching us invaluable lessons about life and death. They strengthened our resolve and reinforced our connection to this land, to each other, and to the animals we share it with. They enriched our souls, empowered our imaginations, and defined who we are as a people. These are the stories of our elders.

ᖃᓄᐃᒪᑦ ᐊᕙᒍᓱᐃᓇᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᐱᑦ.

Duration: 1m 48s

Qaujimaviit? is a series of short videos for learning or improving Inuktut language skills with Elder Peter Irniq.

ISUMA: Qaujimaviit? Episode 2, Tukisiviit? (2 mins), Igloolik Isuma Productions 2009, Host Peter Irniq. Inuktut no subtitles.

Duration: 22m 20s

 Rita Claire teaches how to count to five by counting items in the tent. Beatrice Deer visits the qarmmaq to sing the juggling song, and we read the book Out on the Ice and count fish.
-----
ᐃᑦᑐᐊᖕᒐ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᓈᓴᐃᓗᓂ ᐱᖁᑎᓂᑦ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓄᑦ ᑎᑭᓪᓗᒍ ᑐᐱᕐᒥ. ᕖᐊᑐᕆᔅ ᑎᐅ ᐳᓛᕆᐊᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᕐᒪᕐᒧ ᐃᒡᓗᑭᓵᕆᐊᖅᑐᕐᓗᓂ ᐃᖖᒋᕐᓗᓂᓗ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᑕ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᕐᒥᒃ ᓯᑯᒥ ᓈᓴᐃᓗᑕᓗ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂᑦ.

Duration: 5m 30s

For thousands of years they guided us through this world, teaching us invaluable lessons about life and death. They strengthened our resolve and reinforced our connection to this land, to each other, and to the animals we share it with. They enriched our souls, empowered our imaginations, and defined who we are as a people. These are the stories of our elders.

Duration: 1m 20s

Qaujimaviit? is a series of short videos for learning or improving Inuktut language skills with Elder Peter Irniq.  Today's episode is about food.

ISUMA: Qaujimaviit? Episode 9, Food (2 mins) Igloolik Isuma Productions 2009, Host Peter Irniq. Inuktut and English.

Duration: 45s

Duration: 22m 23s

Iglaq is a language based children’s program that aims to use art, animation and live action video to teach Inuvialuit language and culture.

Duration: 5m 29s

For thousands of years they guided us through this world, teaching us invaluable lessons about life and death. They strengthened our resolve and reinforced our connection to this land, to each other, and to the animals we share it with. They enriched our souls, empowered our imaginations, and defined who we are as a people. These are the stories of our elders.

Duration: 2m 5s

Qaujimaviit? is a series of short videos for learning or improving Inuktut language skills with Elder Peter Irniq.  Today's word:  Alianait!

ISUMA: Qaujimaviit? Episode 3, Alianait (2 mins), Igloolik Isuma Productions 2009, Host Peter Irniq. Inuktut no subtitles.

Duration: 22m 20s

 Rita Claire is invited to a friend’s birthday party, but her friend has an unusual request. Celina Kalluk plays the mouth harp, and we read the book Leah’s Mustache Party.
-----
ᐃᑦᑐᐊᖕᒐ ᖃᐃᖁᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐱᖃᑎᐊᓗᖕᒐᓄᑦ ᓇᓪᓕᐅᓐᓂᖅᓯᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐱᖃᑎᖕᒐ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᖕᒋᑦᑐᒥ ᐱᖁᔨᕗᖅ. ᓯᓖᓇ ᑲᓪᓗᒃ ᓱᐴᒐᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᑕ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᕐᒥᒃ ᓕᐊ ᖁᕕᐊᓲᑎᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᒥᖕᓂᒃ.

Duration: 5m 30s

For thousands of years they guided us through this world, teaching us invaluable lessons about life and death. They strengthened our resolve and reinforced our connection to this land, to each other, and to the animals we share it with. They enriched our souls, empowered our imaginations, and defined who we are as a people. These are the stories of our elders.

Duration: 1m 7s

Duration: 59s

Duration: 22m 29s

Iglaq is a language based children’s program that aims to use art, animation and live action video to teach Inuvialuit language and culture.

Duration: 5m 31s

For thousands of years they guided us through this world, teaching us invaluable lessons about life and death. They strengthened our resolve and reinforced our connection to this land, to each other, and to the animals we share it with. They enriched our souls, empowered our imaginations, and defined who we are as a people. These are the stories of our elders.

ᖃᓄᐃᒪᑦ ᐊᕙᒍᓱᐃᓇᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᐱᑦ.

Duration: 1m 47s

Qaujimaviit? is a series of short videos for learning or improving Inuktut language skills with Elder Peter Irniq. Today's focus is on greetings.

ISUMA: Qaujimaviit? Episode 8, Greetings (2 mins) Igloolik Isuma Productions 2009, Host Peter Irniq. Inuktut and English.

Duration: 1h 2m 39s

NITV: Nunatinni (At Our Place). Local news and culture from Igloolik.

ᓇᑲᑎᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᒐᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᑕᒫᙵᑦ ᓄᓇᑦᑎᓐᓂ − ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑲᐅᑎᒋᓪᓗᑎ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᐅᔪᑦ, ᓴᓇᕈᓘᔭᕐᓂᖅ, ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᑦ, ᑕᐃᔅᓱᒪᓂᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ, ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᕆᔭᕐᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᖃᕐᓂᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖁᕕᐊᓲᑎᖃᕐᓃᑦ ᑲᑎᖅᓱᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᒃᑯᓴᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᐳᑦ ᖃᐅᑕᒫᖅ ᐃᒡᓗᓕᖕᒥᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᖓᑦ 1997−ᒥᑦ 2005−ᒧᑦ.

Segment 1- Nunavut Series 'Unaaq' "Nunavut our Land"

Segment 2- Caribou skins

Duration: 48m 29s

Duration: 1h 2m 23s

Host Margaret Jane Noksana welcomes guest Lillian Elias from Inuvik for a live cooking show on the Tunnganarniq Show June 30th, 2021. Yum!

Duration: 4m 24s

Theresa Papaloo-Qukiaq - Chesterfield Inlet

Part of a series of stories about our legends, our histories, and our relationship with the land, sea, environment, and all living things within it. Produced by ITK.

Duration: 9m 58s

 As the global pandemic reaches into the Arctic Archipelago, Inuk filmmaker Carol Kunnuk documents how unfamiliar new protocols affect her family and community.

Duration: 28m 4s

 Language: Inuktitut

Synopsis: Part 1 of 2 of a series Interviews and storytelling with the elders of Umiujaq, Quebec.

Copyright: © T.N.I. 2012

Duration: 28m 2s

 Language: Inuktitut

Synopsis: Part 1 of 2 of a series Interviews and storytelling with the elders of Umiujaq, Quebec.

Copyright: © T.N.I. 2012

Duration: 51m 23s

Ajainaa! features Igloolik Elders discussing their views of contemporary Inuit life. Topics include the role of Inuit and "Southern" forms of education, survival strategies (such as how to save a drowning victim), and the differences between camp and settlement life. Written, produced, and performed by Isuma's Uqallangniq Elders Group.

Duration: 2m 26s

Johnny Mamgark - Rankin Inlet.

Part of a series of stories about our legends, our histories, and our relationship with the land, sea, environment, and all living things within it. Produced by ITK.

Duration: 7m 55s

 25-year-old Mosha Michael made an assured directorial debut with this seven-minute short, a relaxed narration-free depiction of an Inuk seal hunt. Having participated in a 1974 Super 8 workshop in Frobisher Bay, Michael shot and edited the film himself. His voice can be heard on the appealing guitar-based soundtrack.

Duration: 22m 20s

 Rita Claire teaches how to count to five by counting items in the tent. Beatrice Deer visits the qarmmaq to sing the juggling song, and we read the book Out on the Ice and count fish.
-----
ᐃᑦᑐᐊᖕᒐ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᓈᓴᐃᓗᓂ ᐱᖁᑎᓂᑦ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓄᑦ ᑎᑭᓪᓗᒍ ᑐᐱᕐᒥ. ᕖᐊᑐᕆᔅ ᑎᐅ ᐳᓛᕆᐊᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᕐᒪᕐᒧ ᐃᒡᓗᑭᓵᕆᐊᖅᑐᕐᓗᓂ ᐃᖖᒋᕐᓗᓂᓗ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕐᓗᑕ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᕐᒥᒃ ᓯᑯᒥ ᓈᓴᐃᓗᑕᓗ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂᑦ.

Duration: 5m 30s

For thousands of years they guided us through this world, teaching us invaluable lessons about life and death. They strengthened our resolve and reinforced our connection to this land, to each other, and to the animals we share it with. They enriched our souls, empowered our imaginations, and defined who we are as a people. These are the stories of our elders.

Duration: 1m 20s

Qaujimaviit? is a series of short videos for learning or improving Inuktut language skills with Elder Peter Irniq.  Today's episode is about food.

ISUMA: Qaujimaviit? Episode 9, Food (2 mins) Igloolik Isuma Productions 2009, Host Peter Irniq. Inuktut and English.

Duration: 45s

Duration: 22m 23s

Iglaq is a language based children’s program that aims to use art, animation and live action video to teach Inuvialuit language and culture.

Duration: 5m 29s

For thousands of years they guided us through this world, teaching us invaluable lessons about life and death. They strengthened our resolve and reinforced our connection to this land, to each other, and to the animals we share it with. They enriched our souls, empowered our imaginations, and defined who we are as a people. These are the stories of our elders.

Duration: 2m 5s

Qaujimaviit? is a series of short videos for learning or improving Inuktut language skills with Elder Peter Irniq.  Today's word:  Alianait!

ISUMA: Qaujimaviit? Episode 3, Alianait (2 mins), Igloolik Isuma Productions 2009, Host Peter Irniq. Inuktut no subtitles.

Duration: 22m 4s

Duration: 33m 54s

As the first woman to compete in and win the “Nunavut Quest” dog team race, Denise Malliki is a great source of inspiration for many young Inuit women and men as well as a compelling ambassador for our Inuit culture and traditions.

Queen Of The Quest (34 mins), Arnait Video Productions, NITV 2010, Director Carol Kunnuk.

Duration: 3m 33s

Duration: 55m 55s

 Filmmaker Carol Kunnuk joins host Lucy Tulugarjuk to talk about her new film Being Prepared (produced by the National Film Board of Canada) and life in Igloolik during COVID.

ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐅᕆᔨ ᑭᐅᕈ ᑯᓄᒃ ᐱᖃᑎᖃᖅᑐ ᑐᖕᖓᓱᒃᑎᑎᔨ ˙ᓗᓯ ᑐᓗᒐᕐᔪᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖅᓗ˙ᑎᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓᓂ ᐱᕙ˙ᒋᔭᖅᓯᒪᔪ (ᓴᓇᔭᐅᔪᖅ National Film Board Of Canada-ᒥ) ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃ˙ᓄᓯᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖏ ᓄᕙᖕᓇᕐᔪᐊᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ.

Duration: 1h 2m 39s

NITV: Nunatinni (At Our Place). Local news and culture from Igloolik.

ᓇᑲᑎᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᒐᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᑕᒫᙵᑦ ᓄᓇᑦᑎᓐᓂ − ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑲᐅᑎᒋᓪᓗᑎ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᐅᔪᑦ, ᓴᓇᕈᓘᔭᕐᓂᖅ, ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᑦ, ᑕᐃᔅᓱᒪᓂᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ, ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᕆᔭᕐᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᖃᕐᓂᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖁᕕᐊᓲᑎᖃᕐᓃᑦ ᑲᑎᖅᓱᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᒃᑯᓴᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᐳᑦ ᖃᐅᑕᒫᖅ ᐃᒡᓗᓕᖕᒥᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᖓᑦ 1997−ᒥᑦ 2005−ᒧᑦ.

Segment 1- Nunavut Series 'Unaaq' "Nunavut our Land"

Segment 2- Caribou skins

Duration: 46m 55s

Lucy Tulugarjuk interviews musician Joshua Haulli LIVE on December 3rd, 2020.

Duration: 9m 39s

 Northern Haze's second set of songs at a Celebration of Music for the live broadcast of Silakut Live From the Floe Edge. LIVE on August 15, 2019.

Duration: 58m 15s

Duration: 1m 37s

Apea Sowdluapik from Pangnirtung speaks about the impacts of climate change.

"These days the wind changes direction quickly.  Weather would be good and then bad all of a sudden.  That's how it is today.

In the past, spring would have good and long weather.  It didn't change suddenly.  Now the wind changes suddenly.

Duration: 51m 23s

Ajainaa! features Igloolik Elders discussing their views of contemporary Inuit life. Topics include the role of Inuit and "Southern" forms of education, survival strategies (such as how to save a drowning victim), and the differences between camp and settlement life. Written, produced, and performed by Isuma's Uqallangniq Elders Group.

Duration: 7m 55s

 25-year-old Mosha Michael made an assured directorial debut with this seven-minute short, a relaxed narration-free depiction of an Inuk seal hunt. Having participated in a 1974 Super 8 workshop in Frobisher Bay, Michael shot and edited the film himself. His voice can be heard on the appealing guitar-based soundtrack.

Duration: 49m 51s

Inuit have hunted bowhead whales for thousands of years, using stone tools to hunt these 25 ton mammals. In 2016, Igloolik received a tag to harvest a bowhead; Zacharias Kunuk documents this hunt - from the selection of hunting captains and planning

Hunting With My Ancestors Episode 1: Bowhead Whale Hunt, Isuma, Kingulliit Productions 2017, Director Zacharias Kunuk.

Duration: 1m 20s

A short video about preparing whale meat created as part of the series Hunting With My Ancestors.

Still Images: Jan Kraus
Editing: Maia Iotzova
Interviewee: Michelline Ammaq

Duration: 1m 48s

Camera: David Poisey
Editing: Maia Iotzova

Duration: 1m 38s

Camera: Richard Amarualik
Editing: Maia Iotzova

Duration: 3m 26s

Harry Aggark from Tuktucha Qagiaa.

Part of a series of stories about our legends, our histories, and our relationship with the land, sea, environment, and all living things within it. Produced by ITK.

Duration: 3m 38s

Camera: David Poisey
Sound: Richard Lavoie
Editing: Maia Iotzova

Duration: 1m 30s

Camera: David Poisey
Editing: Maia Iotzova
Interviewee: Michelline Ammaq

Duration: 22m 2s

On April 12th 2012, a group of Elders and traditional skills experts from Ulukhaktok and Cambridge Bay travelled to London, England, with representatives from the NWT Literacy Council, the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre and the University of Lethbridge.

Duration: 2m 38s

Steve Mapsalak from Naujaat.

Part of a series of stories about our legends, our histories, and our relationship with the land, sea, environment, and all living things within it. Produced by ITK.

Duration: 22m 1s

On April 12th2012, a group of Elders and traditional skills experts from Ulukhaktok and Cambridge Bay travelled to London, England, with representatives from the NWT Literacy Council, the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre and the University of Lethbridge.

Duration: 7m 51s

Inuvialuit harvester Jimmy Kalinek shares his stories and knowledge.  Produced by the Inuvialuit Communications Society.